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Overview of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings. People with bipolar disorder experience periods of elevated mood, called mania or hypomania, and periods of depression. These mood swings can be severe and can disrupt a person's daily life.



Bipolar disorder is a serious condition that requires treatment. It is not something that a person can just "snap out of" or control on their own. Without treatment, bipolar disorder can lead to serious problems such as difficulty at work or school, problems in relationships, and even suicide.

Symptoms of mania or hypomania may include:

  • Increased energy and activity levels

  • Racing thoughts and fast speech

  • Impulsive or risky behavior

  • Difficulty sleeping

  • Grandiose thinking or delusions of grandeur

  • Increased involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for negative consequences (e.g. reckless spending, sexual promiscuity)

Symptoms of depression may include:

  • Persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness

  • Loss of interest in activities that were previously enjoyable

  • Changes in appetite and sleep patterns

  • Difficulty concentrating

  • Fatigue or low energy levels

  • Thoughts of death or suicide

Bipolar disorder is often treated with a combination of medications and therapy. Common medications used to treat bipolar disorder include mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants. Therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT), can also be helpful in managing the condition.


It's important for people with bipolar disorder to work closely with their healthcare team to develop a treatment plan that works for them. With the right treatment, people with bipolar disorder can lead fulfilling and productive lives.



If you or someone you know is struggling with bipolar disorder, it's important to seek help. Talk to a healthcare professional or contact a mental health hotline for support. Remember, there is no shame in seeking help and treatment can lead to a better quality of life.

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